Country: Indonesia

Effective drainage management is becoming increasingly critical in urban infrastructure as urbanisation affects landscapes worldwide. Innovative solutions are required to prevent floods, erosion, and pollution…

According to waste management data from the Central Bureau of Statistics, 51% of households in Indonesia have never sorted their waste, and 21.7% occasionally sorted…

Runoff is the movement of water across the ground surface generated by precipitation or melting snow. This happens when rainfall surpasses the soil’s ability to…

Almost all planets in our solar system are inhabitable due to lack of water, except Earth. Thus, making water is an essential resource for life.…

Rainwater harvesting is an environmentally sustainable method of collecting, storing, conveying, and purifying rainwater for various uses, ranging from irrigation to domestic water supply1. The…

Land subsidence is a geographical event that refers to the sinking of the earth’s surface, often caused by human activities and natural processes. Land subsidence…

Deionization, also known as ion exchange, is a prominent water purification process that effectively removes ions and particles impurities from water. It is one of…

Distillation is a water purification process that utilizes the principles of evaporation and condensation to separate impurities from water. Distillation is one of the oldest…

Reverse Osmosis (RO) is one of the water treatments that has a highly effective water purification process. It is widely used to produce clean and…